{"id":2516,"date":"2023-11-15T11:12:37","date_gmt":"2023-11-15T09:12:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/?p=2516"},"modified":"2023-11-15T11:12:37","modified_gmt":"2023-11-15T09:12:37","slug":"conclusions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/?p=2516","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0CONCLUSIONS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0397 \u039a\u0391\u03a4\u0391\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0397\u03a3 \u0393\u039b\u03a9\u03a3\u03a3\u0397\u03a3: \u03a0\u03a1\u039f\u03a6\u039f\u03a1\u0399\u039a\u0397\u03a3 \u039a\u0391\u0399 \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a0\u03a4\u0397\u03a3\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on the following , we can reach the following conclusions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Plato laid the foundations of the Etymology of the Greek language, which is preeminently semantic (conceptual), i.e. there is a causal relationship between words and their etymological meaning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Research through aDNA showed that there were expansions of population groups from the Russian steppes both to the West (toward Central and Western Europe) and to the East of Europe, through the Asian steppes. A genetic signature of migrations to Greece has not been confirmed to date, however, if such exists, according to the top linguist J. Mallory, it will be very small in relation to the indigenous population settled in Greece at the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. The term Indo-Europeans is purely linguistic and does not imply any racial type of person. The existence of an Indo-European race is strongly disputed by leading specialist scientists, based on recent genetic data. It is high time that the old Indo-European case was removed from the textbooks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. The inclusion of Proto-Greek in the Indo-European common language is not disputed, however, the mother-language of this common language remains unknown. However, as previously discussed, Proto-Greek seems to outclass (outmatch) the other languages (including Sanskrit), however the question of the time of its appearance in the Greek space remains open (according to Dr. I. Lazaridis).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. In the Greek area, and specifically in Crete, the first writing system with ideograms (hieroglyphs) appears 5,000 years ago, followed approximately 4,000 years ago by Linear script A (which has not yet been deciphered), which is succeeded by 3,500 years (15th BC) the Linear B script (including vowels), which was deciphered as Greek by the British architect M. Ventris. According to the famous linguist &#8211; Mycenologist Osvald Panagl, the tablets of Knossos and Mycenae date from around 1300 BC, of Pylos around 1200 BC, while the eminent archaeologist M. Kosmopoulos discovered in Iklaina (14 km from Pylos) the oldest to date clay tablet of Linear B, dated around 1450-1400 BC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. In the Middle East and specifically in the former Phenicia it appears around 1150 BC. the so-called Phoenician-Semitic writing system, which is not an alphabet but a syllabary without vowels, with 22 consonants, (which do not include the Greek consonants \u039e (X), \u03a6(F), \u03a8 (PS).) If there was writing during the times of the Trojan War (i.e. before 1200 BC), the hypothesis that the Greeks took the writing system (Syllabary) from the Phoenicians is shaky, lacking credibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. The first alphabet in the world is the Greek, from the 8th BC. a\u1f30 Originally it had 27 letters, from 403 BC. 24 letters, after removing the digamma, Kopa and sabi. However, there are serious indications based on historical sources (Homeric Epistles, Mistriotis, etc.) and archaeological findings, that the Greek alphabet is much more ancient, possibly dating back to the years of the Trojan War (Mistriotis, Apollodorus, etc.), it is much more likely that Homeric Epics to have been handed down in writing (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H. Blanc, Jacqueline de Romilly).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to continue the interdisciplinary research, whose conclusions of the different sciences should converge, especially towards those of Archaeogenetics and Population Genetics, due to their rapid developments. The Greek language, a phenomenon of continuity and radiation, continues to be an object of admiration and study by leading linguists, Hellenists and intellectuals. According to the world-renowned Greek scholar and professor of linguistics F.R. Adrados, Greek has left its indelible stamp on all Western European languages that are considered semi-Hellenic or crypto-Hellenic, and according to the famous Greekist professor at the University of Oxford, Gilbert Murray, Greek is the most perfect language in the world. Indeed, the Greek language, written and spoken, is an achievement of the human spirit of unsurpassed perfection&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CONCLUSIONS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sur la base de ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, nous pouvons parvenir aux conclusions suivantes&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Platon a jet\u00e9 les bases de l\u2019\u00e9tymologie de la langue grecque, qui est avant tout s\u00e9mantique (conceptuelle), c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire qu\u2019il existe une relation causale entre les mots et leur signification \u00e9tymologique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. La recherche sur l&#8217;ADNa a montr\u00e9 qu&#8217;il y avait une expansion des groupes de population des steppes russes \u00e0 la fois vers l&#8217;ouest (vers l&#8217;Europe centrale et occidentale) et vers l&#8217;est de l&#8217;Europe, \u00e0 travers les steppes asiatiques. La signature g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des migrations vers la Gr\u00e8ce n&#8217;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 aujourd&#8217;hui, mais si elle existe, selon le linguiste J. Mallory, elle sera tr\u00e8s petite par rapport \u00e0 la population indig\u00e8ne install\u00e9e en Gr\u00e8ce \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Le terme Indo-Europ\u00e9ens est purement linguistique et n\u2019implique aucun type racial de personne. L&#8217;existence d&#8217;une race indo-europ\u00e9enne est fortement contest\u00e9e par d&#8217;\u00e9minents scientifiques sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, sur la base de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques r\u00e9centes. Il est grand temps que le vieux cas indo-europ\u00e9en soit retir\u00e9 des manuels scolaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. L&#8217;inclusion du proto-grec dans la langue commune indo-europ\u00e9enne n&#8217;est pas contest\u00e9e, cependant, la langue maternelle de cette langue commune reste inconnue. Cependant, comme \u00e9voqu\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, le proto-grec semble surclasser les autres langues (dont le sanskrit), mais la question de l&#8217;\u00e9poque de son apparition dans l&#8217;espace grec reste ouverte (selon le Dr I. Lazaridis).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Dans l&#8217;aire grecque, et plus particuli\u00e8rement en Cr\u00e8te, appara\u00eet il y a 5 000 ans le premier syst\u00e8me d&#8217;\u00e9criture \u00e0 id\u00e9ogrammes (hi\u00e9roglyphes), suivi il y a environ 4 000 ans par le Lin\u00e9aire A&#8217; (qui n&#8217;a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9chiffr\u00e9), auquel succ\u00e8de il y a 3 500 ans. (15e avant JC) l&#8217;\u00e9criture lin\u00e9aire B (y compris les voyelles), qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9chiffr\u00e9e comme grecque par l&#8217;architecte britannique M. Ventris. Selon le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre linguiste &#8211; myc\u00e9nologue Osvald Panagl, les tablettes de Cnossos et de Myc\u00e8nes datent d&#8217;environ 1300 avant JC, de Pylos vers 1200 avant JC, tandis que l&#8217;\u00e9minent arch\u00e9ologue M. Kosmopoulos a d\u00e9couvert \u00e0 Iklaina (14 km de Pylos) la plus ancienne \u00e0 ce jour. tablette d&#8217;argile du Lin\u00e9aire B, dat\u00e9e d&#8217;environ 1450-1400 av.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Au Moyen-Orient et plus particuli\u00e8rement dans l&#8217;ancienne Ph\u00e9nicie, il appara\u00eet vers 1150 avant JC. le syst\u00e8me d&#8217;\u00e9criture dit ph\u00e9nicien-s\u00e9mitique, qui n&#8217;est pas un alphabet mais un syllabaire sans voyelles, \u00e0 22 consonnes, (qui n&#8217;incluent pas les consonnes grecques \u039e (X), \u03a6 (F), \u03a8 (PS).) S&#8217;il y avait \u00e9criture au temps du Guerre de Troie (c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire avant 1200 avant JC), l&#8217;hypoth\u00e8se selon laquelle les Grecs auraient emprunt\u00e9 le syst\u00e8me d&#8217;\u00e9criture (Syllabaire) aux Ph\u00e9niciens est fragile, manquant de cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Le premier alphabet au monde est le grec, datant du 8\u00e8me avant JC. \u00c0 l\u2019origine, il contenait 27 lettres, datant de 403 avant JC. 24 lettres, apr\u00e8s avoir retir\u00e9 le digamma, Kopa et sabi. Cependant, il existe des indications s\u00e9rieuses bas\u00e9es sur des sources historiques (\u00e9pop\u00e9es hom\u00e9riques, Mistriotis, etc.) et des d\u00e9couvertes arch\u00e9ologiques, selon lesquelles l&#8217;alphabet grec est beaucoup plus ancien, remontant probablement aux ann\u00e9es de la guerre de Troie (Mistriotis, Apollodorus, etc.). , il est bien plus probable que les \u00e9pop\u00e9es hom\u00e9riques aient \u00e9t\u00e9 transmises par \u00e9crit (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H. Blanc, Jacqueline De Romiguy).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Compte tenu de ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, il est n\u00e9cessaire de poursuivre les recherches interdisciplinaires, dont les conclusions des diff\u00e9rentes sciences devraient converger, notamment vers celles de l&#8217;Arch\u00e9og\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de la G\u00e9n\u00e9tique des Populations, en raison de leurs d\u00e9veloppements rapides. La langue grecque, ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de continuit\u00e9 et de rayonnement, continue d&#8217;\u00eatre un objet d&#8217;admiration et d&#8217;\u00e9tude de la part d&#8217;\u00e9minents linguistes, hell\u00e9nistes et intellectuels. Selon l\u2019\u00e9rudit grec et professeur de linguistique de renomm\u00e9e mondiale F.R. Adrados (espagnole), le grec a laiss\u00e9 sa marque ind\u00e9l\u00e9bile sur toutes les langues d&#8217;Europe occidentale consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme semi-hell\u00e9niques ou crypto-hell\u00e9niques, et selon l&#8217;\u00e9minent professeur de grec de l&#8217;Universit\u00e9 d&#8217;Oxford, Gilbert Murray&nbsp; (britannique), le grec est la langue la plus parfaite du monde. En effet, la langue grecque, \u00e9crite et parl\u00e9e, est une r\u00e9alisation de l&#8217;esprit humain d&#8217;une perfection in\u00e9gal\u00e9e&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0399\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CONCLUSIONES<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Con base en lo anterior, podemos llegar a las siguientes conclusiones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Plat\u00f3n sent\u00f3 las bases de la Etimolog\u00eda de la lengua griega, que es eminentemente sem\u00e1ntica (conceptual), es decir, existe una relaci\u00f3n causal entre las palabras y su significado etimol\u00f3gico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Las investigaciones mediante \u03b1ADN demostraron que hubo expansiones de grupos poblacionales desde las estepas rusas tanto hacia el Oeste (hacia Europa Central y Occidental) como hacia el Este de Europa, a trav\u00e9s de las estepas asi\u00e1ticas. Hasta el momento no se ha confirmado una firma gen\u00e9tica de las migraciones a Grecia, pero si existe, seg\u00fan el destacado ling\u00fcista J. Mallory, ser\u00e1 muy peque\u00f1a en relaci\u00f3n con la poblaci\u00f3n ind\u00edgena asentada en Grecia en ese momento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. El t\u00e9rmino indoeuropeo es puramente ling\u00fc\u00edstico y no implica ning\u00fan tipo racial de persona. La existencia de una raza indoeuropea es fuertemente cuestionada por destacados cient\u00edficos especializados, bas\u00e1ndose en datos gen\u00e9ticos recientes. Ya es hora de que el viejo caso indoeuropeo desaparezca de los libros de texto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. No se cuestiona la inclusi\u00f3n del protogriego en la lengua com\u00fan indoeuropea; sin embargo, se desconoce la lengua materna de esta lengua com\u00fan. Sin embargo, como se mencion\u00f3 anteriormente, el protogriego parece ser superior (aventajar)&nbsp; a otras lenguas (incluido el s\u00e1nscrito), sin embargo, la cuesti\u00f3n del momento de su aparici\u00f3n en el espacio griego permanece abierta (seg\u00fan el Dr. I. Lazaridis).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. En la zona griega, y concretamente en Creta, el primer sistema de escritura con ideogramas (jerogl\u00edficos) aparece hace 5.000 a\u00f1os, seguido hace aproximadamente 4.000 a\u00f1os por la escritura lineal A (que a\u00fan no ha sido descifrada), a la que le suceden 3.500 a\u00f1os. (XV aC) la escritura lineal B (incluidas las vocales), que fue descifrada como griega por el arquitecto brit\u00e1nico M. Ventris. Seg\u00fan el famoso ling\u00fcista micen\u00f3logo Osvald Panagl, las tablillas de Knossos y Micenas datan de alrededor del 1300 a. C., las de Pylos alrededor del 1200 a. C., mientras que el eminente arque\u00f3logo M. Kosmopoulos descubri\u00f3 en Iklaina (a 14 km de Pylos) la m\u00e1s antigua hasta la fecha. Tablilla de arcilla del Lineal B, fechada alrededor de 1450-1400 a.C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. En Oriente Medio y concretamente en la antigua Fenicia aparece hacia el a\u00f1o 1150 a.C. el llamado sistema de escritura fenicio-semita, que no es un alfabeto sino un silabario sin vocales, con 22 consonantes, (que no incluyen las consonantes griegas \u039e (X), \u03a6 (F), \u03a8 (PS). Si existi\u00f3 escritura en tiempos de Troya Guerra (es decir, antes del 1200 a. C.), la hip\u00f3tesis de que los griegos tomaron el sistema de escritura (silabario) de los fenicios es inestable y carece de credibilidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. El primer alfabeto del mundo es el griego, del siglo VIII a.C. a\u1f30 Originalmente ten\u00eda 27 letras, del 403 a.C. 24 letras, tras eliminar digamma, kopa y sabi. Sin embargo, existen serios indicios, basados \u200b\u200ben fuentes hist\u00f3ricas (Ep\u00edstolas hom\u00e9ricas, Mistriotis, etc.) y hallazgos arqueol\u00f3gicos, de que el alfabeto griego es mucho m\u00e1s antiguo, remont\u00e1ndose probablemente a los a\u00f1os de la Guerra de Troya (Mistriotis, Apolodoro, etc.). , es mucho m\u00e1s probable que las epopeyas hom\u00e9ricas se hayan transmitido por escrito (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H. Blanc, Jacqueline De Romiguy).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;En vista de lo anterior, es necesario continuar con la investigaci\u00f3n interdisciplinaria, cuyas conclusiones de las diferentes ciencias deben converger, especialmente hacia las de la Arqueogen\u00e9tica y la Gen\u00e9tica de Poblaciones, debido a sus r\u00e1pidos desarrollos. La lengua griega, fen\u00f3meno de continuidad y radiaci\u00f3n, sigue siendo objeto de admiraci\u00f3n y estudio por parte de destacados ling\u00fcistas, helenistas e intelectuales. Seg\u00fan el erudito griego y profesor de ling\u00fc\u00edstica de renombre mundial F.R. Adrados, el griego ha dejado su huella imborrable en todas las lenguas de Europa occidental que se consideran semihel\u00e9nicas o criptohel\u00e9nicas, y seg\u00fan el eminente profesor de griego de la Universidad de Oxford, Gilbert Murray, el griego es la lengua m\u00e1s perfecta del mundo. mundo. En efecto, la lengua griega, escrita y hablada, es una realizaci\u00f3n del esp\u00edritu humano de perfecci\u00f3n insuperable&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0393\u0395\u03a1\u039c\u0391\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0391)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Auf der Grundlage des oben Gesagten k\u00f6nnen wir zu folgenden Schlussfolgerungen gelangen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Platon legte den Grundstein f\u00fcr die Etymologie der griechischen Sprache, die vor allem semantisch (konzeptionell) ist, das hei\u00dft, es besteht ein kausaler Zusammenhang zwischen W\u00f6rtern und ihrer etymologischen Bedeutung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Forschungen mittels aDNA zeigten, dass es zu einer Ausbreitung von Bev\u00f6lkerungsgruppen aus den russischen Steppen sowohl nach Westen (Richtung Mittel- und Westeuropa) als auch nach Osten Europas \u00fcber die asiatischen Steppen kam. Eine genetische Signatur der Einwanderungen nach Griechenland konnte bis heute nicht best\u00e4tigt werden. Sollte es eine solche geben, d\u00fcrfte sie laut dem Top-Linguisten J. Mallory im Verh\u00e4ltnis zur damals in Griechenland ans\u00e4ssigen indigenen Bev\u00f6lkerung jedoch sehr gering ausfallen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Der Begriff \u201eIndoeurop\u00e4er\u201c ist rein sprachlicher Natur und impliziert keinen rassischen Personentyp. Die Existenz einer indogermanischen Rasse wird von f\u00fchrenden Fachwissenschaftlern auf der Grundlage neuerer genetischer Daten stark bestritten. Es ist h\u00f6chste Zeit, dass der alte indogermanische Fall aus den Lehrb\u00fcchern entfernt wird.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Die Einbeziehung des Protogriechischen in die gemeinsame indogermanische Sprache ist unbestritten, die Muttersprache dieser gemeinsamen Sprache bleibt jedoch unbekannt. Allerdings scheint Protogriechisch, wie bereits erw\u00e4hnt, den anderen Sprachen (einschlie\u00dflich Sanskrit) \u00fcberlegen zu sein, die Frage nach dem Zeitpunkt seines Erscheinens im griechischen Raum bleibt jedoch offen (laut Dr. I. Lazaridis).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Im griechischen Raum und insbesondere auf Kreta taucht das erste Schriftsystem mit Ideogrammen (Hieroglyphen) vor 5.000 Jahren auf, vor etwa 4.000 Jahren folgte die Linearschrift A (die noch nicht entziffert wurde), der vor 3.500 Jahren folgte (15. v. Chr.) die lineare B-Schrift (einschlie\u00dflich Vokale), die vom britischen Architekten M. Ventris als Griechisch entziffert wurde. Nach Angaben des ber\u00fchmten Linguisten und Mykenologen Osvald Panagl stammen die Tafeln von Knossos und Mykene aus der Zeit um 1300 v. Chr., von Pylos aus der Zeit um 1200 v. Chr., w\u00e4hrend der bedeutende Arch\u00e4ologe M. Kosmopoulos in Iklaina (14 km von Pylos entfernt) die bisher \u00e4ltesten entdeckte Tontafel von Linear B, datiert um 1450-1400 v. Chr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Im Nahen Osten und insbesondere im ehemaligen Ph\u00f6nizien taucht es um 1150 v. Chr. auf. das sogenannte ph\u00f6nizisch-semitische Schriftsystem, bei dem es sich nicht um ein Alphabet, sondern um eine Silbe ohne Vokale mit 22 Konsonanten handelt (zu denen die griechischen Konsonanten \u039e (X), \u03a6 (F), \u03a8 (PS) nicht geh\u00f6ren). Wenn es zur Zeit der Trojaner Schrift gab Krieg (d. h. vor 1200 v. Chr.) ist die Hypothese, dass die Griechen das Schriftsystem (Silbenschrift) von den Ph\u00f6niziern \u00fcbernommen h\u00e4tten, unsicher und nicht glaubw\u00fcrdig.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Das erste Alphabet der Welt ist das Griechische aus dem 8. Jahrhundert v. Chr. a\u1f30 Urspr\u00fcnglich hatte es 27 Buchstaben, aus dem Jahr 403 v. Chr. 24 Buchstaben, nach dem Entfernen von Digamma, Kopa und Sabi. Allerdings gibt es aufgrund historischer Quellen (Homerische Briefe, Mistriotis usw.) und arch\u00e4ologischer Funde ernsthafte Hinweise darauf, dass das griechische Alphabet viel \u00e4lter ist und wahrscheinlich bis in die Jahre des Trojanischen Krieges zur\u00fcckreicht (Mistriotis, Apollodorus usw.). Viel wahrscheinlicher ist jedoch, dass homerische Epen schriftlich \u00fcberliefert wurden (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H. Blanc, Jacqueline De Romilly).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es notwendig, die interdisziplin\u00e4re Forschung fortzusetzen, deren Schlussfolgerungen aus den verschiedenen Wissenschaften aufgrund ihrer raschen Entwicklungen insbesondere zu denen der Arch\u00e4ogenetik und Populationsgenetik konvergieren sollten. Die griechische Sprache, ein Ph\u00e4nomen der Kontinuit\u00e4t und Ausstrahlung, ist weiterhin Gegenstand der Bewunderung und des Studiums f\u00fchrender Linguisten, Hellenisten und Intellektueller. Laut dem weltbekannten griechischen Gelehrten und Linguistikprofessor F.R. Adrados, Griechisch hat seinen unausl\u00f6schlichen Stempel in allen westeurop\u00e4ischen Sprachen hinterlassen, die als halbhellenisch oder kryptohellenisch gelten, und laut dem angesehenen Griechischprofessor an der Universit\u00e4t Oxford, Gilbert Murray, ist Griechisch die vollkommenste Sprache der Welt Welt. Tats\u00e4chlich ist die griechische Sprache, geschrieben und gesprochen, eine Errungenschaft des menschlichen Geistes von un\u00fcbertroffener Vollkommenheit.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/omilosfi.gr\/2019\/02\/07\/\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5! \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae &nbsp;\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03b1\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf) \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 &nbsp;\u00ab\u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\u00bb, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd &nbsp;\u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 &nbsp;14 \u0399\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2019 \u03bc.\u03a7., \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u00ab\u0395\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0397 \u039a\u0391\u03a4\u0391\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0397\u03a3 \u0393\u039b\u03a9\u03a3\u03a3\u0397\u03a3: \u03a0\u03a1\u039f\u03a6\u039f\u03a1\u0399\u039a\u0397\u03a3 \u039a\u0391\u0399 \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a0\u03a4\u0397\u03a3&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4. \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f08\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f08\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 14 \u1f38\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2019 .&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"243\" height=\"144\" src=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2517\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>1. \u03a5\u03a8\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u039f \u03a0\u039f\u039b\u0399\u03a4\u0399\u03a3\u039c\u0399\u039a\u039f \u0391\u0393\u0391\u0398\u039f \u0397 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0397 \u0393\u039b\u03a9\u03a3\u03a3\u0391&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd 18\u03bf \u03b1\u1f30\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f21 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f21 \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2\u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f00\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03ac \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ac \u1f00\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1, \u1f00\u03c6\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f51\u03c8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2, \u1f21 &nbsp;\u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae, \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0392\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f41\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f18\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u1f40\u03bb\u03ad\u03b8\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f18\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ac \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f21 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, &nbsp;\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c6\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u1f00\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 &nbsp;\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae &nbsp;(\u03b1DNA) \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u1f18\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u1f24 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u0391\u03a1\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u039f\u03a4\u0395\u039b\u0397\u03a3: \u03a4\u039f \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u0396\u0395\u0399\u039d \u0395\u03a3\u03a4\u0399\u039d \u03a4\u039f \u039f\u03a1\u0398\u03a9\u03a3 \u039f\u039d\u039f\u039c\u0391\u0396\u0395\u0399\u039d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f40\u03c1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad &nbsp;\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f19\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7, \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf-\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf (\u1f31\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd &nbsp;5\u03bf \u03c0.X. \u03b1\u1f30.) \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0393\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u2019 \u1f45,\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd (\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb. \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 (\u1f45\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6 \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2, \u03c0.\u03c7. \u0391\u1f30\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2, \u0394\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2, \u1f38\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2, \u1f08\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f18\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21 \u1f40\u03c1\u03b8\u03ae \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1) \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd &nbsp;(\u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd), \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f24 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf), &nbsp;\u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 &nbsp;\u1f10\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb. \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5), \u1f10\u03bd\u1ff6 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd) \u1f21 \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f29 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019 \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f24 \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f30\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 (\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, 435-436) \u00ab\u1f45\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac \u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u00bb. \u03a0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f09\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03cd\u03c2 (1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03b1\u1f30.) \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00ab\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f18\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2: \u00ab\u03a4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1 &nbsp;\u1f10\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c7\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b8\u03b9, \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 &nbsp;\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u1ff3.\u00bb. \u0393\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f41 \u1f08\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9: \u00ab\u1f49 &nbsp;\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f10\u03ac\u03bd \u03bc\u03ae \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u1fd6, \u03bf\u1f50 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd.\u00bb (\u03a4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0393. 2149), \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad &nbsp;\u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd: \u00ab\u03a4\u03cc \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc \u1f40\u03c1\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd.\u00bb (\u03a4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae &nbsp;\u0393. 4.1407).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. \u039d\u039f\u039c\u03a0\u0395\u039b\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u0391\u03a3 \u03a7\u0391\u03aa\u0396\u0395\u039d\u039c\u03a0\u0395\u03a1\u0393\u039a \u0393\u0399\u0391 \u0391\u03a1\u03a7\u0391\u0399\u0391 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0391&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f08\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f41 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2-\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0392\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1 &nbsp;\u03a7\u03ac\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03bd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ba (\u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bf \u039d\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb 1932) \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: \u00ab\u1f29 \u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 &nbsp;\u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u1f21 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f04\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ae \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc \u1f10\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf.\u00bb. \u1f0c\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf &nbsp;(\u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2) \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f04\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u1f10\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf) \u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f19\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f00\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. &nbsp;\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae &nbsp;\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u1f24 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. \u0397\u03a1\u039f\u0394\u039f\u03a4\u039f\u03a3: \u00ab\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u2026\u00bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ac &nbsp;\u00ab\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u00bb, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u1f50\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03c2 \u00ab\u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u00bb, \u1f00\u03be\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ae \u03bf\u1f31 \u00ab\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 &nbsp;\u1f29\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5: \u00ab\u039f\u1f31 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u2026\u1f10\u03c3\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba &nbsp;\u1f10\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9, \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u2026\u00bb. \u0394\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u1f41 \u1f29\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 (\u1f61\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6), \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ad \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f44\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. \u0394\u0399\u039f\u0394\u03a9\u03a1\u039f\u03a3 \u03a3\u0399\u039a\u0395\u039b\u0399\u03a9\u03a4\u0397\u03a3: \u00ab\u03bf\u03b9 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\u00bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03ad \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u1f45\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f29\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f41 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (\u0395 &nbsp;74), \u1f41 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u00ab\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u00bb \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u039a\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2: \u00ab\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd,\u2026\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. \u0394\u0395\u039d \u0392\u03a1\u0395\u0398\u0397\u039a\u0391\u039d \u03a0\u039f\u03a4\u0395 \u03a6\u039f\u0399\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0399\u039a\u0395\u03a3 \u0395\u03a0\u0399\u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a6\u0395\u03a3&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f0c\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u1f45\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2, &nbsp;\u1f10\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 (\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039b\u03af\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1) \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd 1.200 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af 1.100 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f24 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd &nbsp;\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. \u03a5\u03a0\u0397\u03a1\u03a7\u0395 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0397 \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a6\u0397 \u039a\u0391\u03a4\u0391 \u03a4\u039f\u039d \u03a4\u03a1\u03a9\u0399\u039a\u039f \u03a0\u039f\u039b\u0395\u039c\u039f (1.200 \u03c0.\u03a7.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0392\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03ad (\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac) \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u1fc6 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f21 &nbsp;\u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae (\u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae) \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5. &nbsp;(\u0394\u03ad\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u0384 \u1f24 \u0392\u0384 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u039a\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f30\u03b4\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f31\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae.) \u1f69\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u1f21 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae (\u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae) \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f49\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0.\u03c7. \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f38\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc &nbsp;\u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf) \u1f41 \u1f4d\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u00ab\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c6\u03b8\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u00bb. (\u1f18\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f38\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7. \u0396 &nbsp;169.) \u1f18\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f4d\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03a0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf (3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc.\u03a7. \u03b1\u1f30.) \u1f14\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f38\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u00ab\u03bf\u1f54\u03c7 \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u03ad \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u2019 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u1fe5\u03b1\u03c8\u1ff3\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03bd &nbsp;\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f15\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u2026\u00bb (\u039b\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc &nbsp;\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1 \u1f24 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c5\u03af\u03b4\u03b1).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f49 \u039c\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f41 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 (180-110 \u03c0.\u03a7.) \u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f41 \u039f\u1f34\u03b1\u03be, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf, \u1f14\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03b4\u03b7, \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 &nbsp;\u03c3\u03ad \u03c0\u03b7\u03b4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c4\u03cc \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u039d\u03b1\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f18\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21 \u1f18\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f08\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 &nbsp;\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 &nbsp;\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f08\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (19\/10\/2017) \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf \u00ab\u1f08\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03a7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 &nbsp;\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f48\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ad\u03b1\u00bb (\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u1f08\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4. 92 \u0391\u0384, 2017). \u1f29 \u1f08\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 1200 &nbsp;\u03c0.\u03a7. \u1f29 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ae \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u1fd6 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f55\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, &nbsp;\u1f10\u03bd\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f4d\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u039c\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u2013 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u1f45\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u039f\u1f34\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1. \u1f18\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc 1200 &nbsp;\u03c0.\u03a7., \u03c4\u03ac \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u1fc6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 (\u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf) \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc &nbsp;\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0392\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc \u1f10\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8. \u0395\u0392\u0391\u039d\u03a3: \u039f\u0399 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\u03a3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd Sir Arthur Evans \u00ab\u1f21 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039a\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2\u00bb, \u1f10\u03bd\u1ff6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03a1\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad \u039d\u03c4\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce \u00ab\u039f\u1f31 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f35\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039a\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf-\u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2\u00bb. (\u0392\u03bb. \u03ba\u03b1\u03af &nbsp;\u0393\u03ba\u03b5\u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03b5\u03c6, \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0393\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03a3\u03cc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1 1953.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9. \u03a6\u039f\u0399\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0399\u039a\u0391 \u03a7\u03a9\u03a1\u0399\u03a3 \u03a6\u03a9\u039d\u0397\u0395\u039d\u03a4\u0391\u2026&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03cc \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u00ab\u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u00bb, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03ad 22 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u039e, \u03a6, \u03a8 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u1f08\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 &nbsp;\u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 Irvain TLG (Thesaurus Linguae Graecae), \u1f41 \u039a\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 &nbsp;\u0394\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039a\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2) \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc &nbsp;\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u039a\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10.\u0391\u03a0\u039f \u03a0\u039f\u03a5 \u03a0\u03a1\u039f\u0395\u03a1\u03a7\u0395\u03a4\u0391\u0399 \u03a4\u039f \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u039c\u039c\u0391 \u00ab\u0391\u039b\u03a6\u0391\u00bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f49 \u03a0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 737) \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u1fc6 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u00ab\u1f04\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u00bb \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u00ab\u1f0c\u03bb\u03b5\u03c6\u00bb \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd (\u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd). \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f18\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039b\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u00ab\u1f04\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u00bb \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f04\u03bb\u03c6\u03c9 (= \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9), \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u00ab\u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03ac\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7.\u00bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11.\u0399\u03a9\u039d\u0399\u039a\u039f \u03a4\u039f \u03a3\u0397\u039c\u0395\u03a1\u0399\u039d\u039f \u0391\u039b\u03a6\u0391\u0392\u0397\u03a4\u039f&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f29 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2-\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f24 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf, (\u03bc\u03ad &nbsp;\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.) \u03a4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f38\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03bc\u03ad 24 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc 403 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u1f10\u03c0\u03af \u1f04\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0395\u1f50\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a4\u03cc \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc, &nbsp;\u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 24 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03cc \u039a\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc 21, \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039c\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 24, \u03c4\u03cc \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc 25, \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u1fc6\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f38\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, (\u03bf\u1f31 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9, \u1f61\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039a\u03cd\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f08\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u1fc6\u03bb\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc \u1f18\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03cc \u039a\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03cc \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf &nbsp;\u03a6\u03c1\u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03cc \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039b\u03c5\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc \u039b\u03c5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03cc \u1f08\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03cc \u039a\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03cc \u0393\u03bf\u03c4\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12.\u03a0\u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a1\u03a7\u0391\u0399\u0395\u03a3 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0395\u03a3 \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a6\u0395\u03a3&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd: 1) \u1f29 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0394\u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f14\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ad \u03c6\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc 1993 \u1f41 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u0393. &nbsp;\u03a7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc \u1f18\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u00ab\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb \u1f45\u03c3\u03bf &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc 5250 \u03c0.\u03a7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"282\" height=\"159\" src=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2523\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u039a\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2, \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 5.250 \u03c0.\u03a7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u2013 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2) \u00ab\u03a4\u03cc \u1f4c\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f18\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u0393\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03a3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb, \u03c4\u03cc \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u1fc6\u03ba\u03b5 \u1f41 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f08\u03b4\u03ac\u03bc \u03a3\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 5500 \u03c0.\u03a7., \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f50\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u0391 \u03a5 \u0394 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u1f21 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03be\u03af\u03b1.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"274\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2518\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 5.500 \u03c0.\u03a7., \u03a3\u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1, \u0393\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u0395\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u0391, \u03a5, \u0394&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3) \u00ab\u03a4\u03cc \u1f4c\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03a0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f38\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb, \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03cc 2700 \u03c0.\u03a7., \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1ff6\u03bd \u0391\u0384 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u0392\u0384.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"274\" height=\"165\" src=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2519\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2.700 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1 \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u2013 \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u0399\u03b8\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13. \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a0\u03a4\u03a9\u03a3 \u039c\u0395\u03a4\u0391\u03a6\u0395\u03a1\u039f\u039d\u03a4\u0391\u039d \u03a4\u0391 \u0395\u03a0\u0397 \u03a4\u039f\u03a5 \u039f\u039c\u0397\u03a1\u039f\u03a5&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f18\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9, \u03b5\u1f54\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f10\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f18\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f30\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad &nbsp;\u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u0393\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f41 \u039c\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00ab\u1f39\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f18\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd\u00bb &nbsp;(\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f08\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1903, \u1f14\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u0392\u0384) \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9: \u00ab\u03a4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f21 \u1f00\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 &nbsp;\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f10\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2.\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f49 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b6\u03af\u03bb\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4 \u03a7\u03ac\u03b9\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f15\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f45\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f21 \u1f38\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03ac &nbsp;\u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae (\u1f29 \u039a\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u1f18\u03ba\u03b4. \u039c\u0399\u0395\u03a4), \u1f10\u03bd\u1ff6 \u1f41 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a7\u03cc\u03c1\u03c3\u03c4 \u039c\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03ba(\u1f18\u03ba\u03b4. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 148) \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9: \u00ab\u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f15\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf &nbsp;\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f18\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b5 \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u2026 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03c9\u03b4\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af &nbsp;\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.\u00bb. \u1f18\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u1f21 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u0396\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd \u039d\u03c4\u03ad &nbsp;\u03a1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b3\u03cd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: \u00ab\u1f4d\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.\u00bb. (\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u1f21 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u1f18\u03ba\u03b4. \u03a4\u03cc &nbsp;\u00ab\u1f0c\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u00bb, \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 28.) T\u03cc \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u1f11\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u1f1c\u03c0\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 (\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03af &nbsp;\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b4\u03af\u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.). \u1f29 \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f00\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f14\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u1f40\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ac \u1f1c\u03c0\u03b7, \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac &nbsp;\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u1f45\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u039b\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b1 \u1f24 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c5\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 (\u03b2\u03bb. \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14. \u0393\u039f\u03a5\u0399\u039b\u0399\u0391\u039c \u039d\u03a4\u039f\u03a5\u03a1\u0391\u039d\u03a4: \u039f\u0399 \u03a6\u039f\u0399\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0395\u03a3 \u03a4\u039f \u03a0\u0397\u03a1\u0391\u039d \u0391\u03a0\u039f \u03a4\u039f\u03a5\u03a3 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0395\u03a3&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f21 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f08\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\/\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 &nbsp;\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6, William Durant: \u00ab\u039f\u1f31 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f26\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f10\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c3\u03ad \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf. \u03a4\u03cc \u1f10\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u039a\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03a4\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03a3\u03b9\u03b4\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u0392\u03cd\u03b2\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u1f59\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 &nbsp;\u201c\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9\u201d \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f44\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f10\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f49 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2-\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u1f08\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f08\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: \u00ab\u03a4\u03cc \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf &nbsp;\u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f10\u03c6\u03ae\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f08\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2\u2026 \u1f10\u03b4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f05\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 &nbsp;\u1f61\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd \u03ba\u03c4\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2.\u00bb. \u1f59\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af &nbsp;\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f49\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5), \u03c4\u03ac \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03b1 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 &nbsp;\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 (\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0392\u0384) \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc 1200 \u03c0.\u03a7., \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf. \u1f69\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2) \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f55\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u2019 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15. \u0393\u039a\u0399\u039b\u039c\u03a0\u0395\u03a1\u03a4 \u039c\u0391\u03a1\u03a1\u0395\u03aa: \u0397 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0397 \u0395\u0399\u039d\u0391\u0399 \u0397 \u03a4\u0395\u039b\u0395\u0399\u039f\u03a4\u0395\u03a1\u0397 \u0393\u039b\u03a9\u03a3\u03a3\u0391&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f10\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5, \u1f10\u03bd\u1ff6 \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03be\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, &nbsp;\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf &nbsp;\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f48\u03be\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 Gilbert Murray: \u00ab[\u2026] \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bc\u03ad \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u1f10\u03bd\u1ff6 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u1f08\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u1f29 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae &nbsp;\u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd.\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f49 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f39\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 F.R. Adrados, \u03be\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f11\u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f08\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u0394\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u1f24 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16.\u039f \u0395\u03a6\u0395\u03a5\u03a1\u0395\u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u03a4\u039f\u039d\u03a9\u039d \u039a\u0391\u0399 \u03a0\u039d\u0395\u03a5\u039c\u0391\u03a4\u03a9\u039d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f08\u03be\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9, \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f41 \u1f08\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 (2\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03b1\u1f30.) \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 &nbsp;\u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f10\u03c6\u03ae\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17.\u039f \u0394\u0399\u03a3\u039a\u039f\u03a3 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u03a6\u0391\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u039f\u03a5&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"254\" height=\"127\" src=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2520\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u201c\u03b4\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u201d \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 1200 \u03c0.\u03a7. (\u1f41 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd &nbsp;\u039a\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1) \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f50\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u1ff6\u03c2 \u201c\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u201d \u03c4\u03ac &nbsp;\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u0392 \u0393 \u039b \u03a5.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18.\u03a0\u0397\u039b\u0399\u039d\u0391 \u0395\u0393\u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a6\u0391 2.000 \u03c0.\u03a7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u1f31 Michael Ventris \u03ba\u03b1\u03af John Chadwick \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u201c\u1f00\u03c0\u03cc &nbsp;\u03c8\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc, \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0.\u03a7., \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03a0\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u039a\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03cc, \u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c2 &nbsp;\u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u1f14\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ac \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u1fd6\u03b1 &nbsp;\u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ac \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u201d\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03ac \u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ac, \u1f45\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u1f41 F.R. Adrados (\u1f10\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd), \u1f26\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 &nbsp;\u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19.\u039f\u03a3\u0392\u0391\u039b\u039d\u03a4 \u03a0\u0391\u039d\u0391\u0393\u039a\u039b: \u0397 \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u039c\u039c\u0399\u039a\u0397 \u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0391\u039b\u039b\u0391\u0393\u0397 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u03a1\u03a7\u0391\u0399\u0391\u03a3 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0397\u03a3 \u1f18\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03ad \u1f41\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f08\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd (8-10 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 2013) \u1f41 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 &nbsp;\u0391\u1f50\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 Osvald Panagl \u1f00\u03bd\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9: \u039f\u1f31 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 &nbsp;(\u039a\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03a0\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd) \u1f26\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ad \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2, 500 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f18\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd. &nbsp;\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2, \u1f21 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc 1300 \u03c0.\u03a7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20.\u0399\u039a\u039b\u0391\u0399\u039d\u0391 \u039c\u0395\u03a3\u03a3\u0397\u039d\u0399\u0391\u03a3: \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u039c\u039c\u0399\u039a\u0397 \u0392\u2019 \u03a4\u039f\u03a5 1450 \u03c0.\u03a7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"210\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2521\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c. \u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u038a\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0392\u0384 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1450 \u03c0.\u03a7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f3c\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (14 \u03c7\u03bb\u03bc. \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03a0\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf) \u1f41 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1\u03ae\u03bb &nbsp;\u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039c\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u0397\u03a0\u0391 (\u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc &nbsp;\u03c4\u03cc 1998 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c7\u1ff6\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc), \u03b2\u03c1\u1fc6\u03ba\u03b5 \u00ab\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ad \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u00bb \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 &nbsp;\u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0392\u0384 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd 1450 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af 1400 \u03c0.\u03a7., \u1f45\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 &nbsp;\u03bc\u03ad \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>21.\u039f\u0399\u039d\u039f\u03a7\u039f\u0397 \u03a4\u039f\u03a5 \u0394\u0399\u03a0\u03a5\u039b\u039f\u03a5&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"222\" height=\"115\" src=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2522\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03cc\u03b7 \u0394\u03af\u03c0\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 740 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u0397\u039f\u03a3 \u039d\u03a5\u039d \u039f\u03a1\u03a7\u0395\u03a3\u03a4\u039f\u039d \u03a0\u0391\u039d\u03a4\u039f\u039d \u0391\u03a4\u0391\u039b\u039f\u03a4\u0391\u03a4\u0391 \u03a0\u0391\u0399\u0396\u0395\u0399 \u03a4\u039f \u03a4\u039f\u0394\u0395 \u039a\u0391\u039d \u039c\u0399\u039d\u2026\u00bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u039c\u03c0\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u00ab1. \u038c\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u2019 &nbsp;\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 2\u03b1. \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf (\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03cc\u03b7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd [\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 &nbsp;\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1] 2\u03b2. \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 (\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf)\u00bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2, \u1f21 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ad \u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u1f00\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u00ab\u039f\u1f30\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03cc\u03b7 &nbsp;\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0394\u03b9\u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u00bb \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0397\u0384 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03b1\u1f30.: \u00ab\u0397\u039f\u03a3 \u039d\u03a5\u039d \u039f\u03a1\u03a7\u0395\u03a3\u03a4\u039f\u039d \u03a0\u0391\u039d\u03a4\u039f\u039d \u0391\u03a4\u0391\u039b\u039f\u03a4\u0391\u03a4\u0391 \u03a0\u0391\u0399\u0396\u0395\u0399 \u03a4\u039f \u03a4\u039f\u0394\u0395 \u039a\u0391\u039d M\u0399\u039d\u00bb. \u1f69\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u1f10\u03bd\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f21 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7. \u039b\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 5% \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f54\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03bd\u03ac \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 &nbsp;\u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ac \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ad \u03c6\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f21 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>22.\u039c\u0395\u039c\u039f\u039d\u03a9\u039c\u0395\u039d\u0397 \u0393\u039b\u03a9\u03a3\u03a3\u0391&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf Charles Sturt \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0391\u1f50\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf &nbsp;\u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7 (\u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2), \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u00ab\u1f21 &nbsp;\u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ad \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u1f41\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f61\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 (isolate) \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2.\u00bb \u1f49 \u1f45\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03ae\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cc 1813 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u0392\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03cc \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf, &nbsp;\u1f30\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Thomas Young (1779-1829).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f49 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013 \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 F.R. Adrados \u03c3\u03ad \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f08\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03c0\u03b5 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ac \u1f41\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f26\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u2013 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f26\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u0395\u1f50\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f14\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u201c\u03b4\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03a6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u201d, \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f14\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>23.aDNA&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f29 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7, \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 Sir Arthur Evans (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u039b\u03cd\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af &nbsp;\u0391\u1f30\u03b3\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u039a\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc), \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u0395\u1f50\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd &nbsp;\u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f69\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u1f21 \u1f10\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f41\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f38\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 G. Washington \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03ad \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af &nbsp;\u03be\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc \u03b1DNA (ancient DNA) \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u039c\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac &nbsp;\u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 4.300 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03bf\u1f31 &nbsp;\u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0395\u1f50\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6. \u1f18\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf \u00ab\u1f29 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f21 &nbsp;\u0398\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u0394\u1fc6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f08\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u00bb \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f08\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd (27\/4\/2017), \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae &nbsp;\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bd\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f08\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 &nbsp;\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>24.\u03a4\u0391 \u03a3\u0391\u039d\u03a3\u039a\u03a1\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u0399\u039a\u0391 \u03a3\u03a4\u0397\u03a1\u0399\u0396\u039f\u039d\u03a4\u0391\u0399 \u03a3\u03a4\u0391 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0391&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f49 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 Franz Bopp (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 &nbsp;\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc 1857) \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac \u03a3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f44\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03a5\u039c\u03a0\u0395\u03a1\u0391\u03a3\u039c\u0391\u03a4\u0391&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03ad \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u1f00\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1: 1. \u1f49 \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f14\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f18\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u1f21 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 &nbsp;\u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u2019 \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae (\u1f10\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae), \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f30\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c4\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u1f1c\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1DNA \u1f14\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u03a1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u0394\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u0394\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u1f50\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7) \u1f45\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f08\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0395\u1f50\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f08\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd. \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u1f04\u03bd \u1f45\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd &nbsp;\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf J. Mallory \u03b8\u03ac \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u1f10\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u1ff6\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. \u1f49 \u1f45\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf-\u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u1fd6 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 &nbsp;\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5. \u1f29 \u1f55\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf-\u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03ad \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac &nbsp;\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u1f21 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf-\u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03ac \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ac &nbsp;\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. \u1f29 \u1f14\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf-\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f38\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf-\u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u1f45\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2, \u1f04\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u1f21 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1-\u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2. &nbsp;\u1f69\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u1f61\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7, \u1f21 \u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf-\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ac \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd &nbsp;\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u1ff6\u03bd (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03a3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd), \u03c4\u03cc \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f45\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 &nbsp;\u1f10\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u1ff6\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u0394\u03c1. \u0399. \u039b\u03b1\u03b6\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. \u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u1ff6\u03c1\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u039a\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7, \u1f10\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc 5.000 &nbsp;\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad \u1f30\u03b4\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (\u1f31\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac), \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc &nbsp;\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 4.000 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f21 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u0391\u0384 (\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6), \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc 3.500 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 (15\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03b1\u1f30.) \u1f21 &nbsp;\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u0392\u0384 (\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1), \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u1f61\u03c2 &nbsp;\u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f41 \u0392\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c. Ventris. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u2013 \u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf Osvald Panagl, \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u039a\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u039c\u03c5\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;1300 \u03c0.\u03a7., \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad \u03a0\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc 1200 \u03c0.\u03a7.,\u1f10\u03bd\u1ff6 \u1f41 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c. &nbsp;\u039a\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f3c\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 (14 \u03c7\u03bb\u03bc. \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03ae \u03a0\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf) \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0392\u0384, \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc 1450-1400 \u03c0.\u03a7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ae \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u1f08\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u1f10\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;1150 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03a6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03bf \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03ad 22 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1, (\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd &nbsp;\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u039e, \u03a6, \u03a8.) \u1f0c\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb. \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc 1200 \u03c0.\u03a7.), \u1f21 \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 (\u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf) \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03a6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u1f00\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. \u03a4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 8\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0.\u03a7. \u03b1\u1f30. \u1f08\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b5 &nbsp;27 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03cc 403 \u03c0.\u03a7. 24 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03af\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 &nbsp;\u039a\u03cc\u03c0\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03af. \u1f69\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u1ff6\u03bd &nbsp;(\u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u1f1c\u03c0\u03b7, \u039c\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb) \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 (\u039c\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 , \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba.\u1f04.), \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ac \u1f49\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u1f1c\u03c0\u03b7 &nbsp;\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac (\u039c\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03a4\u03b6. \u03a7\u03ac\u03b9\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4, \u03a7. \u039c\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03ba, \u0396\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd \u039d\u03c4\u03ad \u03a1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b3\u03cd).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1f18\u03bd \u1f44\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u1f21 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f41\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b8\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f08\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u1f29 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1, \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 &nbsp;\u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u1f00\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc &nbsp;\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 . \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 F.R. Adrados, \u1f21 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u1fd6\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u2019 \u1f45\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 &nbsp;\u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u1f24 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u1fc6 \u1f11\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc &nbsp;\u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f48\u03be\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 Gilbert Murray \u1f21 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 &nbsp;\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u1f21 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1, \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 &nbsp;\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\u00ab.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CONCLUSIONS&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on the above, we can reach the following conclusions:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Plato laid the foundations of the Etymology of the Greek language, which is preeminently&nbsp; semantic (conceptual), i.e. there is a causal relationship between words and their etymological&nbsp; meaning.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Research through aDNA showed that there were expansions of population groups from the&nbsp; Russian steppes both to the West (toward Central and Western Europe) and to the East of Europe,&nbsp; through the Asian steppes. A genetic signature of migrations to Greece has not been confirmed to&nbsp; date, however, if such exists, according to the top linguist J. Mallory, it will be very small in relation to&nbsp; the indigenous population settled in Greece at the time.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. The term Indo-Europeans is purely linguistic and does not imply any racial type of person. The&nbsp; existence of an Indo-European race is strongly disputed by leading specialist scientists, based on recent&nbsp; genetic data. It is high time that the old Indo-European case was removed from the textbooks.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. The inclusion of Proto-Greek in the Indo-European common language is not disputed, however,&nbsp; the mother-language of this common language remains unknown. However, as previously discussed,&nbsp; Proto-Greek seems to outclass (outmatch) the other languages (including Sanskrit), however the&nbsp; question of the time of its appearance in the Greek space remains open (according to Dr. I. Lazaridis).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. In the Greek area, and specifically in Crete, the first writing system with ideograms&nbsp; (hieroglyphs) appears 5,000 years ago, followed approximately 4,000 years ago by Linear script A&nbsp; (which has not yet been deciphered), which is succeeded by 3,500 years (15th BC) the Linear B script&nbsp; (including vowels), which was deciphered as Greek by the British architect M. Ventris. According to the&nbsp; famous linguist &#8211; Mycenologist Osvald Panagl, the tablets of Knossos and Mycenae date from around&nbsp; 1300 BC, of Pylos around 1200 BC, while the eminent archaeologist M. Kosmopoulos discovered in&nbsp; Iklaina (14 km from Pylos) the oldest to date clay tablet of Linear B, dated around 1450-1400 BC.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. In the Middle East and specifically in the former Phenicia it appears around 1150 BC. the so called Phoenician-Semitic writing system, which is not an alphabet but a syllabary without vowels, with&nbsp; 22 consonants, (which do not include the Greek consonants \u039e (X), \u03a6(F), \u03a8 (PS).) If there was writing&nbsp; during the times of the Trojan War (i.e. before 1200 BC), the hypothesis that the Greeks took the&nbsp; writing system (Syllabary) from the Phoenicians is shaky, lacking credibility.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. The first alphabet in the world is the Greek, from the 8th BC. a\u1f30 Originally it had 27 letters, from&nbsp; 403 BC. 24 letters, after removing the digamma, Kopa and sabi. However, there are serious indications&nbsp; based on historical sources (Homeric Epistles, Mistriotis, etc.) and archaeological findings, that the&nbsp; Greek alphabet is much more ancient, possibly dating back to the years of the Trojan War (Mistriotis,&nbsp; Apollodorus, etc.), it is much more likely that Homeric Epics to have been handed down in writing&nbsp; (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H. Blanc, Jacqueline de Romilly).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to continue the interdisciplinary research, whose&nbsp; conclusions of the different sciences should converge, especially towards those of Archaeogenetics&nbsp; and Population Genetics, due to their rapid developments. The Greek language, a phenomenon of&nbsp; continuity and radiation, continues to be an object of admiration and study by leading linguists,&nbsp; Hellenists and intellectuals. According to the world-renowned Greek scholar and professor of&nbsp; linguistics F.R. Adrados, Greek has left its indelible stamp on all Western European languages that are&nbsp; considered semi-Hellenic or crypto-Hellenic, and according to the famous Greekist professor at the&nbsp; University of Oxford, Gilbert Murray, Greek is the most perfect language in the world. Indeed, the&nbsp; Greek language, written and spoken, is an achievement of the human spirit of unsurpassed&nbsp; perfection&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CONCLUSIONS&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sur la base de ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, nous pouvons parvenir aux conclusions suivantes :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Platon a jet\u00e9 les bases de l\u2019\u00e9tymologie de la langue grecque, qui est avant tout s\u00e9mantique&nbsp; (conceptuelle), c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire qu\u2019il existe une relation causale entre les mots et leur signification \u00e9tymologique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. La recherche sur l&#8217;ADNa a montr\u00e9 qu&#8217;il y avait une expansion des groupes de population des steppes&nbsp; russes \u00e0 la fois vers l&#8217;ouest (vers l&#8217;Europe centrale et occidentale) et vers l&#8217;est de l&#8217;Europe, \u00e0 travers les steppes&nbsp; asiatiques. La signature g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des migrations vers la Gr\u00e8ce n&#8217;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 aujourd&#8217;hui, mais&nbsp; si elle existe, selon le linguiste J. Mallory, elle sera tr\u00e8s petite par rapport \u00e0 la population indig\u00e8ne install\u00e9e en&nbsp; Gr\u00e8ce \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Le terme Indo-Europ\u00e9ens est purement linguistique et n\u2019implique aucun type racial de personne.&nbsp; L&#8217;existence d&#8217;une race indo-europ\u00e9enne est fortement contest\u00e9e par d&#8217;\u00e9minents scientifiques sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, sur&nbsp; la base de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques r\u00e9centes. Il est grand temps que le vieux cas indo-europ\u00e9en soit retir\u00e9 des&nbsp; manuels scolaires.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. L&#8217;inclusion du proto-grec dans la langue commune indo-europ\u00e9enne n&#8217;est pas contest\u00e9e, cependant,&nbsp; la langue maternelle de cette langue commune reste inconnue. Cependant, comme \u00e9voqu\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, le&nbsp; proto-grec semble surclasser les autres langues (dont le sanskrit), mais la question de l&#8217;\u00e9poque de son&nbsp; apparition dans l&#8217;espace grec reste ouverte (selon le Dr I. Lazaridis).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Dans l&#8217;aire grecque, et plus particuli\u00e8rement en Cr\u00e8te, appara\u00eet il y a 5 000 ans le premier syst\u00e8me&nbsp; d&#8217;\u00e9criture \u00e0 id\u00e9ogrammes (hi\u00e9roglyphes), suivi il y a environ 4 000 ans par le Lin\u00e9aire A&#8217; (qui n&#8217;a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9&nbsp; d\u00e9chiffr\u00e9), auquel succ\u00e8de il y a 3 500 ans. (15e avant JC) l&#8217;\u00e9criture lin\u00e9aire B (y compris les voyelles), qui a \u00e9t\u00e9&nbsp; d\u00e9chiffr\u00e9e comme grecque par l&#8217;architecte britannique M. Ventris. Selon le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre linguiste &#8211; myc\u00e9nologue&nbsp; Osvald Panagl, les tablettes de Cnossos et de Myc\u00e8nes datent d&#8217;environ 1300 avant JC, de Pylos vers 1200 avant&nbsp; JC, tandis que l&#8217;\u00e9minent arch\u00e9ologue M. Kosmopoulos a d\u00e9couvert \u00e0 Iklaina (14 km de Pylos) la plus ancienne&nbsp; \u00e0 ce jour. tablette d&#8217;argile du Lin\u00e9aire B, dat\u00e9e d&#8217;environ 1450-1400 av.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Au Moyen-Orient et plus particuli\u00e8rement dans l&#8217;ancienne Ph\u00e9nicie, il appara\u00eet vers 1150 avant JC. le&nbsp; syst\u00e8me d&#8217;\u00e9criture dit ph\u00e9nicien-s\u00e9mitique, qui n&#8217;est pas un alphabet mais un syllabaire sans voyelles, \u00e0 22&nbsp; consonnes, (qui n&#8217;incluent pas les consonnes grecques \u039e (X), \u03a6 (F), \u03a8 (PS).) S&#8217;il y avait \u00e9criture au temps du&nbsp; Guerre de Troie (c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire avant 1200 avant JC), l&#8217;hypoth\u00e8se selon laquelle les Grecs auraient emprunt\u00e9 le&nbsp; syst\u00e8me d&#8217;\u00e9criture (Syllabaire) aux Ph\u00e9niciens est fragile, manquant de cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Le premier alphabet au monde est le grec, datant du 8\u00e8me avant JC. \u00c0 l\u2019origine, il contenait 27 lettres,&nbsp; datant de 403 avant JC. 24 lettres, apr\u00e8s avoir retir\u00e9 le digamma, Kopa et sabi. Cependant, il existe des&nbsp; indications s\u00e9rieuses bas\u00e9es sur des sources historiques (\u00e9pop\u00e9es hom\u00e9riques, Mistriotis, etc.) et des&nbsp; d\u00e9couvertes arch\u00e9ologiques, selon lesquelles l&#8217;alphabet grec est beaucoup plus ancien, remontant&nbsp; probablement aux ann\u00e9es de la guerre de Troie (Mistriotis, Apollodorus, etc.). , il est bien plus probable que les&nbsp; \u00e9pop\u00e9es hom\u00e9riques aient \u00e9t\u00e9 transmises par \u00e9crit (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H. Blanc, Jacqueline De Romiguy).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Compte tenu de ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, il est n\u00e9cessaire de poursuivre les recherches interdisciplinaires, dont les&nbsp; conclusions des diff\u00e9rentes sciences devraient converger, notamment vers celles de l&#8217;Arch\u00e9og\u00e9n\u00e9tique et de la&nbsp; G\u00e9n\u00e9tique des Populations, en raison de leurs d\u00e9veloppements rapides. La langue grecque, ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de&nbsp; continuit\u00e9 et de rayonnement, continue d&#8217;\u00eatre un objet d&#8217;admiration et d&#8217;\u00e9tude de la part d&#8217;\u00e9minents linguistes,&nbsp; hell\u00e9nistes et intellectuels. Selon l\u2019\u00e9rudit grec et professeur de linguistique de renomm\u00e9e mondiale F.R. Adrados&nbsp; (espagnole), le grec a laiss\u00e9 sa marque ind\u00e9l\u00e9bile sur toutes les langues d&#8217;Europe occidentale consid\u00e9r\u00e9es&nbsp; comme semi-hell\u00e9niques ou crypto-hell\u00e9niques, et selon l&#8217;\u00e9minent professeur de grec de l&#8217;Universit\u00e9 d&#8217;Oxford,&nbsp; Gilbert Murray (britannique), le grec est la langue la plus parfaite du monde. En effet, la langue grecque, \u00e9crite&nbsp; et parl\u00e9e, est une r\u00e9alisation de l&#8217;esprit humain d&#8217;une perfection in\u00e9gal\u00e9e&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0399\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CONCLUSIONES&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Con base en lo anterior, podemos llegar a las siguientes conclusiones:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Plat\u00f3n sent\u00f3 las bases de la Etimolog\u00eda de la lengua griega, que es eminentemente sem\u00e1ntica&nbsp; (conceptual), es decir, existe una relaci\u00f3n causal entre las palabras y su significado etimol\u00f3gico.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Las investigaciones mediante \u03b1ADN demostraron que hubo expansiones de grupos poblacionales desde&nbsp; las estepas rusas tanto hacia el Oeste (hacia Europa Central y Occidental) como hacia el Este de Europa, a trav\u00e9s&nbsp; de las estepas asi\u00e1ticas. Hasta el momento no se ha confirmado una firma gen\u00e9tica de las migraciones a Grecia,&nbsp; pero si existe, seg\u00fan el destacado ling\u00fcista J. Mallory, ser\u00e1 muy peque\u00f1a en relaci\u00f3n con la poblaci\u00f3n ind\u00edgena&nbsp; asentada en Grecia en ese momento.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. El t\u00e9rmino indoeuropeo es puramente ling\u00fc\u00edstico y no implica ning\u00fan tipo racial de persona. La&nbsp; existencia de una raza indoeuropea es fuertemente cuestionada por destacados cient\u00edficos especializados,&nbsp; bas\u00e1ndose en datos gen\u00e9ticos recientes. Ya es hora de que el viejo caso indoeuropeo desaparezca de los libros&nbsp; de texto.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. No se cuestiona la inclusi\u00f3n del protogriego en la lengua com\u00fan indoeuropea; sin embargo, se&nbsp; desconoce la lengua materna de esta lengua com\u00fan. Sin embargo, como se mencion\u00f3 anteriormente, el&nbsp; protogriego parece ser superior (aventajar) a otras lenguas (incluido el s\u00e1nscrito), sin embargo, la cuesti\u00f3n del&nbsp; momento de su aparici\u00f3n en el espacio griego permanece abierta (seg\u00fan el Dr. I. Lazaridis).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. En la zona griega, y concretamente en Creta, el primer sistema de escritura con ideogramas (jerogl\u00edficos)&nbsp; aparece hace 5.000 a\u00f1os, seguido hace aproximadamente 4.000 a\u00f1os por la escritura lineal A (que a\u00fan no ha&nbsp; sido descifrada), a la que le suceden 3.500 a\u00f1os. (XV aC) la escritura lineal B (incluidas las vocales), que fue&nbsp; descifrada como griega por el arquitecto brit\u00e1nico M. Ventris. Seg\u00fan el famoso ling\u00fcista micen\u00f3logo Osvald&nbsp; Panagl, las tablillas de Knossos y Micenas datan de alrededor del 1300 a. C., las de Pylos alrededor del 1200 a.&nbsp; C., mientras que el eminente arque\u00f3logo M. Kosmopoulos descubri\u00f3 en Iklaina (a 14 km de Pylos) la m\u00e1s&nbsp; antigua hasta la fecha. Tablilla de arcilla del Lineal B, fechada alrededor de 1450-1400 a.C.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. En Oriente Medio y concretamente en la antigua Fenicia aparece hacia el a\u00f1o 1150 a.C. el llamado&nbsp; sistema de escritura fenicio-semita, que no es un alfabeto sino un silabario sin vocales, con 22 consonantes,&nbsp; (que no incluyen las consonantes griegas \u039e (X), \u03a6 (F), \u03a8 (PS). Si existi\u00f3 escritura en tiempos de Troya Guerra (es&nbsp; decir, antes del 1200 a. C.), la hip\u00f3tesis de que los griegos tomaron el sistema de escritura (silabario) de los&nbsp; fenicios es inestable y carece de credibilidad.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. El primer alfabeto del mundo es el griego, del siglo VIII a.C. a\u1f30 Originalmente ten\u00eda 27 letras, del 403&nbsp; a.C. 24 letras, tras eliminar digamma, kopa y sabi. Sin embargo, existen serios indicios, basados en fuentes&nbsp; hist\u00f3ricas (Ep\u00edstolas hom\u00e9ricas, Mistriotis, etc.) y hallazgos arqueol\u00f3gicos, de que el alfabeto griego es mucho&nbsp; m\u00e1s antiguo, remont\u00e1ndose probablemente a los a\u00f1os de la Guerra de Troya (Mistriotis, Apolodoro, etc.). , es&nbsp; mucho m\u00e1s probable que las epopeyas hom\u00e9ricas se hayan transmitido por escrito (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H.&nbsp; Blanc, Jacqueline De Romiguy).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;En vista de lo anterior, es necesario continuar con la investigaci\u00f3n interdisciplinaria, cuyas conclusiones&nbsp; de las diferentes ciencias deben converger, especialmente hacia las de la Arqueogen\u00e9tica y la Gen\u00e9tica de&nbsp; Poblaciones, debido a sus r\u00e1pidos desarrollos. La lengua griega, fen\u00f3meno de continuidad y radiaci\u00f3n, sigue&nbsp; siendo objeto de admiraci\u00f3n y estudio por parte de destacados ling\u00fcistas, helenistas e intelectuales. Seg\u00fan el&nbsp; erudito griego y profesor de ling\u00fc\u00edstica de renombre mundial F.R. Adrados, el griego ha dejado su huella&nbsp; imborrable en todas las lenguas de Europa occidental que se consideran semihel\u00e9nicas o criptohel\u00e9nicas, y&nbsp; seg\u00fan el eminente profesor de griego de la Universidad de Oxford, Gilbert Murray, el griego es la lengua m\u00e1s&nbsp; perfecta del mundo. mundo. En efecto, la lengua griega, escrita y hablada, es una realizaci\u00f3n del esp\u00edritu&nbsp; humano de perfecci\u00f3n insuperable&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0393\u0395\u03a1\u039c\u0391\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0391)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Auf der Grundlage des oben Gesagten k\u00f6nnen wir zu folgenden Schlussfolgerungen gelangen:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Platon legte den Grundstein f\u00fcr die Etymologie der griechischen Sprache, die vor allem semantisch (konzeptionell)&nbsp; ist, das hei\u00dft, es besteht ein kausaler Zusammenhang zwischen W\u00f6rtern und ihrer etymologischen Bedeutung.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Forschungen mittels aDNA zeigten, dass es zu einer Ausbreitung von Bev\u00f6lkerungsgruppen aus den russischen&nbsp; Steppen sowohl nach Westen (Richtung Mittel- und Westeuropa) als auch nach Osten Europas \u00fcber die asiatischen&nbsp; Steppen kam. Eine genetische Signatur der Einwanderungen nach Griechenland konnte bis heute nicht best\u00e4tigt&nbsp; werden. Sollte es eine solche geben, d\u00fcrfte sie laut dem Top-Linguisten J. Mallory im Verh\u00e4ltnis zur damals in&nbsp; Griechenland ans\u00e4ssigen indigenen Bev\u00f6lkerung jedoch sehr gering ausfallen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Der Begriff \u201eIndoeurop\u00e4er\u201c ist rein sprachlicher Natur und impliziert keinen rassischen Personentyp. Die Existenz&nbsp; einer indogermanischen Rasse wird von f\u00fchrenden Fachwissenschaftlern auf der Grundlage neuerer genetischer&nbsp; Daten stark bestritten. Es ist h\u00f6chste Zeit, dass der alte indogermanische Fall aus den Lehrb\u00fcchern entfernt wird.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Die Einbeziehung des Protogriechischen in die gemeinsame indogermanische Sprache ist unbestritten, die&nbsp; Muttersprache dieser gemeinsamen Sprache bleibt jedoch unbekannt. Allerdings scheint Protogriechisch, wie&nbsp; bereits erw\u00e4hnt, den anderen Sprachen (einschlie\u00dflich Sanskrit) \u00fcberlegen zu sein, die Frage nach dem Zeitpunkt&nbsp; seines Erscheinens im griechischen Raum bleibt jedoch offen (laut Dr. I. Lazaridis).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Im griechischen Raum und insbesondere auf Kreta taucht das erste Schriftsystem mit Ideogrammen&nbsp; (Hieroglyphen) vor 5.000 Jahren auf, vor etwa 4.000 Jahren folgte die Linearschrift A (die noch nicht entziffert wurde),&nbsp; der vor 3.500 Jahren folgte (15. v. Chr.) die lineare B-Schrift (einschlie\u00dflich Vokale), die vom britischen Architekten&nbsp; M. Ventris als Griechisch entziffert wurde. Nach Angaben des ber\u00fchmten Linguisten und Mykenologen Osvald Panagl&nbsp; stammen die Tafeln von Knossos und Mykene aus der Zeit um 1300 v. Chr., von Pylos aus der Zeit um 1200 v. Chr.,&nbsp; w\u00e4hrend der bedeutende Arch\u00e4ologe M. Kosmopoulos in Iklaina (14 km von Pylos entfernt) die bisher \u00e4ltesten&nbsp; entdeckte Tontafel von Linear B, datiert um 1450-1400 v. Chr.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Im Nahen Osten und insbesondere im ehemaligen Ph\u00f6nizien taucht es um 1150 v. Chr. auf. das sogenannte&nbsp; ph\u00f6nizisch-semitische Schriftsystem, bei dem es sich nicht um ein Alphabet, sondern um eine Silbe ohne Vokale mit&nbsp; 22 Konsonanten handelt (zu denen die griechischen Konsonanten \u039e (X), \u03a6 (F), \u03a8 (PS) nicht geh\u00f6ren). Wenn es zur&nbsp; Zeit der Trojaner Schrift gab Krieg (d. h. vor 1200 v. Chr.) ist die Hypothese, dass die Griechen das Schriftsystem&nbsp; (Silbenschrift) von den Ph\u00f6niziern \u00fcbernommen h\u00e4tten, unsicher und nicht glaubw\u00fcrdig.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Das erste Alphabet der Welt ist das Griechische aus dem 8. Jahrhundert v. Chr. a\u1f30 Urspr\u00fcnglich hatte es 27&nbsp; Buchstaben, aus dem Jahr 403 v. Chr. 24 Buchstaben, nach dem Entfernen von Digamma, Kopa und Sabi. Allerdings&nbsp; gibt es aufgrund historischer Quellen (Homerische Briefe, Mistriotis usw.) und arch\u00e4ologischer Funde ernsthafte&nbsp; Hinweise darauf, dass das griechische Alphabet viel \u00e4lter ist und wahrscheinlich bis in die Jahre des Trojanischen&nbsp; Krieges zur\u00fcckreicht (Mistriotis, Apollodorus usw.). Viel wahrscheinlicher ist jedoch, dass homerische Epen schriftlich&nbsp; \u00fcberliefert wurden (Mistriotis, J. Highget, H. Blanc, Jacqueline De Romilly).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es notwendig, die interdisziplin\u00e4re Forschung fortzusetzen, deren Schlussfolgerungen&nbsp; aus den verschiedenen Wissenschaften aufgrund ihrer raschen Entwicklungen insbesondere zu denen der&nbsp; Arch\u00e4ogenetik und Populationsgenetik konvergieren sollten. Die griechische Sprache, ein Ph\u00e4nomen der Kontinuit\u00e4t&nbsp; und Ausstrahlung, ist weiterhin Gegenstand der Bewunderung und des Studiums f\u00fchrender Linguisten, Hellenisten&nbsp; und Intellektueller. Laut dem weltbekannten griechischen Gelehrten und Linguistikprofessor F.R. Adrados, Griechisch&nbsp; hat seinen unausl\u00f6schlichen Stempel in allen westeurop\u00e4ischen Sprachen hinterlassen, die als halbhellenisch oder&nbsp; kryptohellenisch gelten, und laut dem angesehenen Griechischprofessor an der Universit\u00e4t Oxford, Gilbert Murray,&nbsp; ist Griechisch die vollkommenste Sprache der Welt Welt. Tats\u00e4chlich ist die griechische Sprache, geschrieben und&nbsp; gesprochen, eine Errungenschaft des menschlichen Geistes von un\u00fcbertroffener Vollkommenheit.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0397 \u039a\u0391\u03a4\u0391\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0395\u039b\u039b\u0397\u039d\u0399\u039a\u0397\u03a3 \u0393\u039b\u03a9\u03a3\u03a3\u0397\u03a3: \u03a0\u03a1\u039f\u03a6\u039f\u03a1\u0399\u039a\u0397\u03a3 \u039a\u0391\u0399 \u0393\u03a1\u0391\u03a0\u03a4\u0397\u03a3\u00a0 Based on the following , we can reach the following conclusions: 1. Plato laid the foundations of the Etymology of the Greek language, which is preeminently semantic (conceptual), i.e. there is a causal relationship between words and their etymological meaning. 2. Research through aDNA showed that there &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/?p=2516\" class=\"more-link\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8221;\u00a0CONCLUSIONS&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2516"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2524,"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2516\/revisions\/2524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/amphiktyon.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}